Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) – Glucose

Identification

Product Name: Glucose
Chemical Name: D-Glucose
Synonyms: Dextrose, Grape Sugar, Blood Sugar
CAS Number: 50-99-7
Molecular Formula: C6H12O6
Molecular Weight: 180.16 g/mol
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, food additive, pharmaceutical ingredient
Manufacturer: Contact information on the label
Emergency Contact: Refer to label for 24-hour health and safety assistance
General Appearance: White crystalline powder, odorless, sweet taste
Restrictions on Use: For intended uses only, avoid inhalation or ingestion except as directed in food, pharmaceutical use, or research

Hazard Identification

GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous according to OSHA or GHS
Label Elements: No pictogram, signal word, or hazard statement required
Potential Health Effects: Inhalation can irritate the respiratory tract; ingestion commonly safe in food, although excessive intake may affect blood sugar in sensitive individuals
Physical Hazards: Dust may form explosive mixture with air in rare cases
Environmental Hazards: Not considered hazardous to aquatic or terrestrial life

Composition / Information on Ingredients

Chemical Name: D-Glucose
Purity: >99%
Impurities: Water, trace inorganic materials in negligible amounts
Additives: None reported
Form: Crystalline powder or granules

First Aid Measures

Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air, consult a physician if symptoms occur
Skin contact: Wash exposed area with mild soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
Eye contact: Rinse with plenty of water for several minutes; seek medical attention if irritation persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, drink water, avoid giving anything orally to unconscious individuals, seek medical help if large amounts are swallowed or if symptoms occur
Note to Physicians: Treat symptomatically, monitor blood glucose if underlying health conditions exist

Fire-Fighting Measures

Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide
Specific Hazards: Powdered glucose can form combustible dust clouds, possible explosion risk in confined spaces
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor
Special Procedures: Contain runoff to avoid environmental contamination

Accidental Release Measures

Personal Precautions: Avoid breathing dust, ensure adequate ventilation, use personal protective equipment
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spillage reaching watercourses
Containment Methods: Sweep up to avoid raising dust, collect and place in suitable containers for reuse or disposal
Cleanup Procedures: Rinse area with water; minimize dust generation
Disposal: Follow local, regional, and national regulations

Handling and Storage

Handling: Avoid formation of dust clouds, use with adequate ventilation, keep container tightly sealed when not in use
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances like strong oxidizers
Packaging Materials: Use moisture-resistant, food-grade containers for bulk storage
Incompatibilities: Strong acids, strong oxidizing agents may degrade product or cause hazardous conditions
Special Considerations: Rotating stock to prevent caking or clumping due to moisture absorption

Exposure Controls and Personal Protection

Occupational Exposure Limits: No specific limits set. General dust exposure standards apply (inhalable 10 mg/m³, respirable 5 mg/m³)
Engineering Controls: Ensure local exhaust or general ventilation to minimize airborne concentrations
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety glasses, gloves, lab coat; in case of dust, use a NIOSH-approved dust mask; use eye wash fountain and emergency shower in work area
Industrial Hygiene: Wash after handling, avoid eating, drinking, or smoking in work area

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance: White crystalline powder or granules
Odor: None
Odor Threshold: Not applicable
pH (10% solution): 5.5–7.5
Melting Point: 146°C (anhydrous form)
Boiling Point: Decomposes prior to boiling
Flash Point: Not applicable
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Flammability: Not flammable, but dust may explode in air
Vapor Pressure: Negligible
Vapor Density: Not applicable
Bulk Density: About 0.8 g/cm³
Solubility: Readily soluble in water
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): -3.24 (log Pow)
Auto-Ignition Temperature: >500°C
Decomposition Temperature: Above 150°C
Viscosity: Not applicable

Stability and Reactivity

Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions for storage and handling
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: May react with strong oxidizers producing heat or fire risk
Conditions to Avoid: Excess humidity, exposure to open flame or high heat, dust accumulation
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Burning or decomposition produces carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor

Toxicological Information

Acute Toxicity: Low oral toxicity; LD50 (oral, rat) > 25,000 mg/kg
Chronic Effects: None expected for occupational or environmental exposure, excess consumption may affect blood sugar levels
Skin Irritation: Not considered an irritant
Eye Irritation: Mild irritation possible, no significant hazard
Respiratory Effects: Dust may cause irritation
Sensitization: Not known to cause allergic reactions
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogen by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Mutagenicity: No evidence in current data
Reproductive Toxicity: No evidence in standard tests
Medical Conditions Aggravated: Diabetics and others sensitive to blood sugar variations should take care with ingestion

Ecological Information

Ecotoxicity: No expected hazard to aquatic or terrestrial organisms
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable in soil and water, natural carbon source for microorganisms
Bioaccumulation: Unlikely due to water solubility and rapid metabolism
Mobility in Soil: High, due to solubility
Other Adverse Effects: No known significant effects or critical hazards for environment

Disposal Considerations

Waste Treatment Methods: Small or laboratory quantities can go in standard landfill unless mixed with hazardous substances
Disposal of Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers prior to recycling or disposal; follow legal requirements
Sewage Disposal: Avoid direct release to sewers; extremely large amounts could affect biological treatment plants
Regulatory Requirements: Comply with local, regional, and national regulations

Transport Information

UN Number: Not regulated as dangerous goods for road (DOT), air (IATA), sea (IMDG)
Proper Shipping Name: Glucose
Transport Hazard Class: Not hazardous
Packing Group: None
Environmental Hazards: None
Special Precautions: Protect from moisture during transport, use standard containers, avoid crushing or spillage

Regulatory Information

OSHA Status: Not hazardous
TSCA Inventory: Listed
SARA Title III: Not reportable
California Prop 65: Not listed
REACH Registration: Exempted or listed as a food or feed product
FDA GRAS Status: Recognized as generally safe for food use
WHMIS (Canada): Not controlled product
Other International Regulations: Product permitted for pharmaceutical and food uses in most countries by local authorities